For the next eight years, federal officials prevented Robeson from traveling outside the U.S., which seriously harmed his career and created financial hardship. Robeson was only one of dozens of activists whose passports were seized during the era of McCarthyism. Despite the difficulties, Robeson never relented — he remained an outspoken peace and racial justice advocate, and he and his allies fought an ultimately successful legal campaign to win the right to travel. Robeson’s persistence against state harassment illustrated how resistance to civil liberties violations can protect and preserve basic citizenship rights, including the right to travel.