Some legal scholars have argued that the administration exceeded its authority in enacting the tariffs without authorization from Congress. Jack Goldsmith, a Harvard Law School professor and former top Justice Department lawyer under George W. Bush, maintained in September that the case is a close call. In an online interview, John Guida, an editor in Times Opinion, dug into the case with Goldsmith — and what oral arguments revealed about the justices’ thinking on it. This interview has been edited for clarity.