The show presents the first sculptures Kapoor coated with powdered pigments, or set down among drifting piles of the stuff. They earned him a dose of art-world love. When he used the same powders to line half spheres, the critic Michael Brenson in The New York Times described the result as “the kind of magical, disconcerting sculpture that undoes vision and logic.” (The Jewish Museum will pair his early works with a few recent pieces that use Vantablack, a light-absorbing coating; Kapoor has the exclusive right to use it in works of art.)